Konfigurasi Network, DNS, Web Server, & Mail Server
I. Tujuan
- Agar siswa dapat memahami cara mengkonfigurasikan Network, DNS, Web Server, & Mail Server
II. Alat dan Bahan
- Komputer (2 Unit)
- DVD Debian 1-3
III. Cara Kerja
Cara menghitung Subnet /29
# pada tahap ini saya menggunakan 192.168.11._/29
# pada tahap ini saya menggunakan 192.168.11._/29
11111111.11111111.11111111.11111000
255 .255 .255 .248
2 pangkat x = 2 pangkat 5 =32
2 pangkat y - 2 = 2 pangkat 3- 2 = 8-2 =6
256-248 =8
192.168.11.1
192.168.11.0
192.168.11.6
192.168.11.7
1. SETTING NETWORK
·
Cara melihat Interface
Cara melihat Interface
root@debian:~# ifconfig eth0 up
· Cara
konfigurasi network
root@debian:~# nano
/etc/network/interfaces
# saya menggunakan blok pertama
# The local network interface
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address
195.168.11.1
netmask
255.255.255.248
network
195.168.11.0
gateway
195.168.11.6
broadcast
195.168.11.7
dns-nameservers
192.168.11.1
auto eth0:0
iface eth0:0 inet static
address
195.168.11.2
netmask
255.255.255.248
auto eth0:1
iface eth0:1 inet static
address
195.168.11.3
netmask
255.255.255.248
# Konfigurai skrip menjadi seperti ini, kemudian tekan Ctrl + O, enter (untuk menyimpan) dan tekan Ctrl + X
(untuk keluar)
root@debian:~# nano /etc/resolv.conf
search smkmuh2.sch.id
nameserver 195.168.11.1
Tambah skrip diatas ini, kemudian restart networknya
root@debian:~# /etc/init.d/networking
restart
2. DNS SERVER
·
Install Bind9
Install Bind9
root@debian:~# apt-get install bind9
· Setting
file bind9
root@debian:~# nano
/etc/bind/named.conf
zone “smkmuh2.sch.id”{
type
master:
file
“db.smk”;
};
zone “192.in-addr.arpa”{
type
master;
file
“db.192”;
};
kemudian tekan Ctrl + O, enter
(untuk menyimpan) dan tekan Ctrl + X (untuk keluar)
· Setting
file forward dari DNS
root@debian:~# cd /etc/bind
root@debian:~# cp db.local
/var/cache/bind/db.smkmuh2
root@debian:~# nano
/var/cache/bind/db.smkmuh2
$TTL 604800
@ IN A smkmuh2.sch.id. root.smkmuh2.sch.id (
2 ; Serial
604800 ;
Refresh
86400 ;
Retry
2419200 ; Expire
604800 ;
Negative Cache TTL
;
@ IN NS smkmuh2.sch.id.
@ IN A 195.168.11.1
www IN A 195.168.11.2
mail IN A 195.168.11.3
kemudian tekan Ctrl + O, enter
(untuk menyimpan) dan tekan Ctrl + X (untuk keluar)
root@debian:~# cp db.127
/var/cache/bind/db.192
root@debian:~# nano
/var/cache/bind/db.192
$TTL 604800
@ IN A smkmuh2.sch.id. root.smkmuh2.sch.id. (
1 ; Serial
604800 ;
Refresh
86400 ;
Retry
2419200 ; Expire
604800 ;
Negative Cache TTL
;
@ IN NS smkmuh2.sch.id.
1.11.168 IN PTR smkmuh2.sch.id.
2.11.168 IN PTR www.smkmuh2.sch.id.
3.11.168 IN PTR mail.smkmuh2.sch.id.
kemudian tekan Ctrl + O, enter
(untuk menyimpan) dan tekan Ctrl + X (untuk keluar) lalu restart bind9
root@debian:~# /etc/init.d/bind9
restart
root@debian:~# nslookup smkmuh2.sch.id
root@debian:~# nslookup 192.168.11.1
root@debian:~# nslookup www.smkmuh2.sch.id
root@debian:~# nslookup 192.168.11.2
root@debian:~# nslookup mail.smkmuh2.sch.id
root@debian:~# nslookup 192.168.11.3
3. WEB SERVER
·
Install
Paket Web server
root@debian:~# apt-get install apache2
elinks
root@debian:~# nano /var/www/index.html
# edit web sesuai yang diinginkan lalu save ctrl+0,enter,ctrl+x
4.WEBMAIL SERVER DAN MAIL SERVER
- Install paket webmail server
debian-server:~# nan0 /etc/apache2/apache2.conf
Include “/etc/squirrelmail/apache.conf” # tambahkan di baris paling bawah
debian-server:~# nano /etc/squirrelmail/apache.conf
# users will prefer a simple URL like
http://webmail.example.com
<VirtualHost 195.168.11.3:80>
DocumentRoot /usr/share/squirrelmail
ServerName mail.smkmuh2.sch.id
</VirtualHost>
#. . .
kemudian tekan Ctrl + O, enter
(untuk menyimpan) dan tekan Ctrl + X (untuk keluar)
root@debian:~# cd
/etc/apache2/sites-availabel
root@debian:/etc/apache2/sites-enabled# cp 000-default www ( copykan file 000-default www )
root@debian:/etc/apache2/sites-enabled# nano www
NameVirtualHost 192.168.11.2:80
<VirtualHost 195.168.11.2:80>
ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost
ServerName www.smkmuh2.sch.id
#...
kemudian tekan Ctrl + O, enter
(untuk menyimpan) dan tekan Ctrl + X (untuk keluar)
Membuat
directory mail server
debian-server:~# maildirmake
/etc/skel/Maildir
Menambahkan user (buat 2 user),pada tahap ini saya akan memggunakan 2 nama peserta yaitu komeng dan adul
debian-server:~# adduserkomeng
Adding user "panda"...
Enter new UNIX password:1
Changing the user information for tkj
Enter the new value, or press ENTER
for the default
Full Name []:
Room Number []:
Work Phone []:
Home Phone []:
Other []:
Is the information correct? [Y/n] y
Adding user "panda1"...
Enter new UNIX password:1
Changing the user information for tkj
Enter the new value, or press ENTER
for the default
Full Name []:
Room Number []:
Work Phone []:
Home Phone []:
Other []:
Is the information correct? [Y/n] y
· Konfigurasi Postfix
debian-server:~# nano /etc/postfix/main.cf
myhostname = smkmuh2
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
myorigin = /etc/mailname
mydestination = smkmuh2, smkmuh2.sch.id, localhost.localdomain, localhost
relayhost =
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 195.168.11.3/29
#mailbox_command = procmail -a “$EXTENSION”
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = all
alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases
alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases
myorigin = /etc/mailname
mydestination = smkmuh2, smkmuh2.sch.id, localhost.localdomain, localhost
relayhost =
mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 195.168.11.3/29
#mailbox_command = procmail -a “$EXTENSION”
mailbox_size_limit = 0
recipient_delimiter = +
inet_interfaces = all
home_mailbox = Maildir/ #Tambahkan pada
baris paling bawah
Selanjutnya, tinggal tambahkan sedikit konfigurasi pada postfix melalui
dpkg. Ikuti langkahnya seperti dibawah ini.
debian-server:~# dpkg-reconfigure
postfix
General Type of Mail Configuration : Internet Site
System Mail Name : smkmuh2
Root and postmaster mail recipient : (biarkan kosong)
Other destination to accept... : (pilih ok)
Force synchronous updates... : No
Local Networks : (tambahkan IP address squirrelmail)
Use Procmail for local delivery : No
Mailbox size limit (bytes) : 0
Local address extension character : +
Internet protocols to use : ipv4
debian-server:~# service postfix
restart
debian-server:~# service courier-imap restart
debian-server:~# service courier-pop restart
debian-server:~# service apache2
restart
Selanjutnya, tinggal mengecek apakah konfigurasi kita berhasil
· Cek Web Server
debian-server:~# elinks www.smkmuh2.sch.id
debian-server:~# elinks 195.168.11.2
· Cek Mail Server
debian-server:~# elinks
mail.smkmuh2.sch.id
debian-server:~# elinks 195.168.11.3
0 komentar:
Posting Komentar